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Online papers on consciousness
Online papers on consciousness
Compiled by
David Chalmers
This is a directory of 1123 online papers on consciousness and related topics. Suggestions for addition
are welcome. Most papers are by academic philosophers or scientists.
I have now divided this page into three separate pages, as follows:
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Part I:
Philosophy of Consciousness
[368 papers]
Part II:
Other Philosophy of Mind
[433 papers]
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Part III:
Science of Consciousness
[322 papers]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.
PHILOSOPHY OF CONSCIOUSNESS
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The concept of consciousness
The explanatory gap
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Materialism and dualism
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The knowledge argument
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Materialism and modality
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Metaphysics of consciousness
Panpsychism
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Zombies
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Qualia
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The contents of consciousness
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Representationalism
Consciousness as higher-order thought
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Introspection, self-knowledge, and self-consciousness
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The unity of consciousness
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The function of consciousness
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Philosophy of consciousness (misc.)
II.
OTHER PHILOSOPHY OF MIND
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Language and thought
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Propositional attitudes
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Theories of content
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Online papers on consciousness
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Internalism and externalism
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Concepts
Mental content (misc.)
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Folk psychology
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Metaphysics of mind
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The self and personal identity
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Free will
Philosophy of mind (misc.)
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The Chinese Room
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Godel's theorem and AI
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The Turing test
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Philosophy of connectionism
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Philosophy of AI (misc.)
III.
SCIENCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS
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Neuroscience of visual consciousness
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Consciousness and neuroscience
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Cognitive models of consciousness
Unconscious perception
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Implicit memory
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Implicit learning
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Change blindness and inattentional blindness
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Visual consciousness (misc.)
Consciousness and psychology (misc.)
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Consciousness in the history of psychology
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Animal consciousness
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Consciousness and artificial intelligence
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Consciousness and physics
Phenomenology
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Miscellaneous
For other sources of online papers, and for bibliographies of around 2000 offline papers on
consciousness, see:
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people with online papers in philosophy
web resources related to consciousness, philosophy, and such
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directory of online philosophy papers
(Joe Lau)
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Papers on Consciousness (David Chalmers)
Papers on Consciousness (David Chalmers).
This page contains pointers to some papers on consciousness. The papers here should be accessible to
people without a background in philosophy. Philosophers might be interested in the more technical
papers under
papers on mind, modality, and meaning
. A separate page has information on my book
The
Conscious Mind
. Most items are in HTML, with a Postscript version also available in some cases. The
papers fall into a few distinct categories.
The Problems of Consciousness
Consciousness and its Place in Nature
This is a new overview paper on the the metaphysics of consciousness. It summarizes arguments against
materialism, and uses these to give a detailed taxonomy of reductive and nonreductive views (three
each). It covers some of the same ground as the first two papers below (although it's oriented more
toward metaphysics than toward science), while also covering some of the more technical material in my
book and some new things. It will appear in the forthcoming
Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind
,
edited by Stephen Stich and Fritz Warfield.
Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness
(PS)
This paper gives a nontechnical overview of the problems of consciousness and my approach to them. In
it I distinguish between the easy problems and the hard problem of consciousness, and argue that the hard
problem eludes conventional methods of explanation. I argue that we need a new form of nonreductive
explanation, and make some moves toward a detailed nonreductive theory. This paper, based on a talk I
gave at the 1994 Tucson conference on consciousness, appeared in a
special issue
of the
Journal of
Consciousness Studies
in 1995, and also in the 1996 collection
Toward a Science of Consciousness
,
edited by Hameroff, Kaszniak, and Scott (MIT Press, 1996).
Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness
After "Facing Up..." was published, about 25 articles commenting on it or on other aspects of the "hard
problem" appeared in
JCS
(links to some of these papers are contained in the article). My (lengthy) reply,
"Moving Forward..."
, appeared in
JCS
vol. 4, pp. 3-46, 1997. All the papers and my reply have been
collected in the book,
Explaining Consciousness: The Hard Problem
(edited by Jonathan Shear),
published by MIT Press in July 1997.
The Puzzle of Conscious Experience
This paper appeared in
Scientific American
in December 1995. It is essentially an even less technical
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Papers on Consciousness (David Chalmers)
version of the first article above, with some pretty pictures. As with most
Scientific American
articles,
much of this article was heavily revised by the editors, and there are a few passages that I cringe at. But
it's not a bad introduction.
Consciousness and Cognition
(PS)
This is an older paper on consciousness, written when I was a graduate student at Indiana. It talks about
the odd fact that even if consciousness is not reductively explainable, our
claims
about consciousness
should be, and discusses various ways in which this tension might be resolved, eventually proposing a
proto-theory of consciousness based on the notions of pattern and information. I no longer agree with
everything in this paper, and it gets a bit wild toward the end, but it covers some interesting issues. I've
never tried to publish it, but for some reason it is still my favorite among the papers I've written on the
subject.
The Science of Consciousness
On the Search for the Neural Correlate of Consciousness
This is a constructive analysis of the search for the "neural correlate of consciousness" (or the NCC, as
it's sometimes called). I argue that because we don't have any way of detecting consciousness directly
(i.e., we have no "
consciousness meter
"), the search is driven by pre-empirical bridging principles
instead. I discuss some of these principles and draw some conclusions about the shape of the search. This
paper is largely a transcript of my talk at the 1996 Tucson conference on consciousness, although some
fun and games have been omitted (here are some
visuals
from the talk). It was published in
Toward a
Science of Consciousness II
, edited by Hameroff, Kaszniak, and Scott (MIT Press, 1998).
What is a Neural Correlate of Consciousness?
This more recent and longer paper deals with some different aspects of the NCC issue, with reference to
recent empirical work in the field (e.g. work in visual neuroscience by Logothetis, Milner and Goodale,
and others). In particular it addresses what it means to be a neural correlate of consciousness,
distinguishes different sorts of NCCs, and discusses the methodology of the search. It raises some
questions about the conclusions that can be drawn from lesion studies. This paper was given at the 1998
ASSC conference on Neural Correlates of Consciousness, and appeared in
Neural Correlates of
Consciousness: Conceptual and Empirical Questions
, edited by Thomas Metzinger (MIT Press, 2000).
First-Person Methods in the Science of Consciousness
In this short paper I argue that the task of a science of consciousness is to connect third-person data about
brain and behavior to first-person data about conscious experience, and I discuss the difficult question of
how we might investigate and represent first-person data. I also discuss some specific issues about
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Papers on Consciousness (David Chalmers)
emotion. This paper was written for a Tucson online workshop on emotion and consciousness, and
appeared in the Fall 1999
Consciousness Bulletin
from the Center for Consciousness Studies.
Commentaries and Reviews
Insentience, Indexicality, and Intensions
This is a commentary on
John Perry's
book
Knowledge, Possibility, and Consciousness
(MIT Press,
2001), which defends a materialist view against a number of arguments (the zombie argument, the
knowledge argument, the modal argument), and addresses the discussion in my book. The commentary
will appear in a symposium on Perry's book in
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research
Availability: The Cognitive Basis of Experience?
Here I argue that the cognitive correlate of conscious experience is
direct availability for global control
,
and use this to shed light on a few vexing questions. This was written as a commentary on
Ned Block
's
paper
"On A Confusion about a Function of Consciousness"
, and appeared in
Behavioral and Brain
Sciences
and also in the collection
The Nature of Consciousness: Philosophical Debates
from MIT Press,
edited by Block, Flanagan, and Guzeldere. This paper overlaps to some extent with "On the search for a
neural correlate of consciousness".
Self-Ascription Without Qualia: A Case-Study
This is a commentary on Alvin Goldman's piece
"The Psychology of Folk Psychology"
, in
Behavioral
and Brain Sciences
(June 1993). The paper contains a zombie thought-experiment or two, for people who
like that sort of thing.
Review of
Journal of Consciousness Studies
This is a review of the first issue of the
Journal of Consciousness Studies
. It appeared in the
Times
Literary Supplement
in November 1994.
Miscellaneous
Absent Qualia, Fading Qualia, Dancing Qualia
(PS)
In this paper I use thought-experiments to argue that functional organization fully determines conscious
experience. These thought-experiments involve the gradual replacement of neurons by silicon chips, and
similar scenarios. I argue that if "absent qualia" or "inverted qualia" are possible, then phenomena I call
"fading qualia" and "dancing qualia" will be possible; but I argue that it is very implausible that fading or
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