Christi E. Parker - Civil War Is Coming, Książki USA, ebook, pdf

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Table of Contents
Conflicts Begin
Conflicts Begin....................................3
During the 1800s, people in the United States were divided.
One of the major issues that divided the nation was slavery.
The Southerners did not want their way of life changed. Slaves
did much of the physical work on the
plantations
(plan-TAY-
shuhnz). Some people in the North did not believe that slaves
should continue to be used. This disagreement led to many
other problems in the country.
Congress tried to prevent a war by
compromising
(KOM-
pruh-myz-ing). But, the compromises were not enough.
In 1860, the Southerners were angered by the election of
Abraham Lincoln as president. States began to
secede
(suh-
SEED) from the Union. A civil war was about to begin.
Trying to Compromise ...........................4–5
Another Compromise Is Made ....................6–7
People Against Slavery...........................8–9
The Book That Caused an Uproar...............10–11
Bleeding Kansas ..............................12–13
The Dred Scott Decision .......................14–15
John Brown’s Raid ............................16–17
Plantations were important to the South.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates.......................18–19
Lincoln Is Elected .............................20–21
The Country Breaks Apart .....................22–23
Glossary ........................................24
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Trying to Compromise
People in Missouri wanted their territory to become a state.
Missouri could either enter the Union as a slave state or
a free state. Southerners did not want the Northerners to
have more votes in Congress. Northerners did not want
slavery to spread further into the West.
In 1820, Henry Clay of Kentucky came up with a plan.
Missouri entered the Union as a slave state. The region of
Maine separated from Massachusetts. It then became a
free state. From then on, all territories above Missouri’s
southern border were free. All territories below the
southern border of the new state were slave. This was
called the Missouri Compromise.
By the 1800s, life in the North and the South was very
different. The issue of slavery affected many parts of life. It
was important to everyone that there were an equal number
of slave states and free states.
New
territories
(TAIR-uh-tor-eez) had formed as people
settled the land in the West. Then, after they grew, the territories
could become new states. When a new state was added to the
Union, new
representatives
were added to Congress.
Who Wrote It?
Henry Clay was said to be
the author of the Missouri
Compromise. But, Jesse
Thomas of Illinois actually
wrote most of it. Clay is
given the credit because he
helped to get the bill passed.
This map shows how the
compromise affected the
United States.
Another Compromise
In this compromise, California entered the Union as a
free state. The people who lived in Utah and New Mexico
would decide if they wanted to be free or slave. The
Fugitive Slave Act was started. And, slave trade was
banned in Washington, D.C.
The Fugitive Slave Act stated that all runaway slaves
must be returned to their owners. Anyone who helped the
slaves could be jailed or fined.
In 1850, the free territory of California was ready to
join the Union. This would mean that free states would
outnumber slave states in Congress. The Southerners were
afraid Congress would end slavery. Once again, Henry
Clay went to work on a compromise. He helped write the
Compromise of 1850.
After the Fugitive Slave Act, blacks were
in danger of being returned to slavery.
The Underground Railroad
Henry Clay addressing
the Senate in 1850
Slave auction house
Most of the Compromise of 1850 helped the antislavery cause.
However, the Fugitive Slave Act helped slave owners. Years
earlier, a route from the South to the North was set up. The
route was called the “Underground Railroad.” The Underground
Railroad was used even more because of the Fugitive Slave Act.
Is Made
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